Key steps for installing anchor bolts

The installation of anchor bolts is a critical step in the construction and installation process of equipment foundations, and its installation quality directly affects the stability and safety of the equipment. The following are the key steps for installing anchor bolts:

1、 Construction preparation

technical preparation

Familiar with construction drawings, clarify technical requirements such as specifications, models, quantities, locations, and burial scales of anchor bolts.

Develop a construction plan, provide technical briefing to construction personnel, and confirm their understanding of the installation process and quality requirements.

material preparation

Check the quality of the anchor bolts, confirm that their specifications and models meet the design requirements, and that there are no defects such as cracks or rust on the surface.

Prepare the necessary auxiliary materials for installation, such as nuts, washers, concrete, etc., and check their quality for compliance.

Tool preparation

Prepare the necessary tools for installation, such as wrenches, drills, level gauges, theodolites, etc., and confirm that the performance of the tools is good.

2、 Positioning and laying out

benchmarking

Determine the benchmark and axis of the equipment foundation based on the construction drawings and actual site conditions.

Use measuring instruments such as theodolites and levels to measure the reference points and axes onto the equipment foundation, and mark them properly.

Release the bolt position line

According to the design requirements, use tools such as steel rulers and ink brushes to mark the position lines of the anchor bolts on the equipment foundation.

The error of the position line should be controlled within the specified range, generally not exceeding ± 2mm.

3、 Bolt fixation

Make a fixed frame

Produce a one-to-one fixed bracket based on the specifications, models, and burial dimensions of the anchor bolts. The fixed frame should have sufficient strength and rigidity to protect the anchor bolts from displacement and deformation during the concrete pouring process.

The material of the fixed frame is generally steel, such as angle steel, channel steel, etc., and its size and shape should be designed according to the actual situation.

Install fixed bracket

Install the fixed bracket on the equipment foundation according to the design position, and fix it firmly using bolts or welding.

Use a spirit level and a theodolite to level and align the fixed frame, and confirm that its levelness and verticality meet the requirements.

Install foundation bolts

Insert the anchor bolts into the reserved holes of the fixed frame according to the design position, and preliminarily fix them with nuts and washers.

Adjust the verticality and elevation of the anchor bolts using a spirit level and steel ruler, ensuring that the verticality deviation does not exceed 1/100 of the bolt length and the elevation deviation does not exceed ± 5mm.

After adjustment, weld the anchor bolts firmly to the fixing frame to prevent displacement during the concrete pouring process.

4、 Concrete pouring and curing

Concreting

After the installation of the anchor bolts is completed, concrete pouring can be carried out. Concrete should be prepared according to the design requirements, and its strength grade should meet the design requirements.

Concrete pouring should be carried out in layers, with each layer thickness not exceeding 300mm, and a vibrator should be used for vibration to confirm the compactness of the concrete.

During the concrete pouring process, attention should be paid to protecting the anchor bolts to avoid collisions and displacements. Plastic film or wooden boards can be used to cover and protect the anchor bolts.

Concrete curing

After the concrete pouring is completed, timely curing should be carried out. The maintenance methods can include covering, watering, plastic film maintenance, etc., and the maintenance time should not be less than 7 days.

During the curing period, the surface of the concrete should be kept moist to avoid cracking and drying.

5、 Bolt retesting and tightening

Bolt retest

After the concrete reaches the design strength, the anchor bolts should be retested. The retest content includes the verticality, elevation, exposed length, etc. of the bolts to confirm that they meet the design requirements.

If displacement, deformation, or other issues are found with the bolts, they should be promptly addressed until they meet the requirements.

bolt-on

Before installing the equipment, the anchor bolts should be finally tightened. When tightening, a torque wrench should be used according to the design requirements to confirm that the pre tightening force of the bolt meets the requirements.

After tightening, check the tightness of the bolts to ensure that there is no looseness.

6、 Quality inspection and acceptance

quality inspection

During the installation of anchor bolts, a comprehensive quality inspection should be conducted throughout the entire process. The inspection includes the quality, installation position, verticality, elevation, and fastening condition of the bolts.

For the problems found during the inspection, they should be dealt with in a timely manner to confirm that the installation quality of the anchor bolts meets the requirements.

check and accept

After the installation of the anchor bolts is completed, relevant personnel should be organized for acceptance. During acceptance, relevant construction records and quality inspection reports should be provided to confirm that the installation quality of the anchor bolts meets the design requirements and relevant standard specifications.